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History |
The South African authorities published a notice granting indemnity from prosecution to all exiles who left the country illegally before 8 October 1990.
1991
At the conference of the ANC Nelson Mandela is elected President. Oliver Tambo, who served as President from 1969 to 1991 was elected National Chairperson
1991
Industrial Relations Act No 27:
Prohibited worker bodies from registering with unions based outside the homeland, and unions from contributing or to receiving money from any organisation banned under the 1979 Internal Security Act or any other security law.
1991
KwaNdebele: Labour Relations Act No 19:
Commenced: 10 January 1992
1991
Patricia De Lille leads PAC delegation at CODESA.
Sonia Bunting returns from exile and continues political work.
Winnie Mandela elected to ANC’s National Executive Committee and President of ANC Women’s League.
Gill Marcus elected to ANC National Executive Committee.Leading up to 1994 elections, she trains ANC media workers and voter educators and accompanies Nelson Mandela on his election campaign.
1991
January
205 white government schools admit black children for the first time (RRS 1991/2: xxxiii).
1991
1 January
Cross Border Arrest, Decree No 12:
Provided mechanisms for cross-border raids.
Commenced: 1 January 1991
1991
8 January
political emancipation, and demands an interim government and constituent assembly. Calls on the government to implement agreements entered into in terms of the Groote Schuur and Pretoria Minutes.
1991
9 January
As the new school year began in South Africa, black children were admitted to 205 schools previously reserved for whites only (out of 2000 such public schools) where parents had voted in favour of racial integration.
1991
28 January
The ANC announced that it had given President de Klerk a list of police officers believed to have participated in township violence, and whose removal it demanded.
1991
29 January
Nelson Mandela and Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi of the Inkatha Freedom Party, meet in Durban and issue a statement on a joint peace strategy.
Signs the Southern African Convention with Regard to Energy and Energy-Related Matters.
1991
29 January
A summit meeting was held in Durban between the ANC and the Inkatha Freedom Party. The meeting was addressed by Zulu Chief Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi and ANC Deputy President Nelson Mandela. In a joint statement, both parties expressed their commitment to political tolerance and called on the security forces to play an effective peace-keeping role.
1991
1 February
President F.W. de Klerk announces during the opening of Parliament, that the Land Act, the Group Areas Act and the Registration of Population Act is to be scrapped. He also unveils a manifesto for a New South Africa.
1991
1 February
In a speech given at the opening of the parliamentary session in Cape Town, South African President Frederik Willem de Klerk announced that legislation would be tabled shortly for the repeal of the Land Acts of 1913 and 1936, the Group Are s Act of 1966 and the Development of Black Communities Act of 1984, as well as the Population Registration Act of 1950. The repeal of the latter would be accompanied by the adoption of temporary transitional measures. President de Klerk also declared his opposition to the idea of a constituent assembly and to that of an interim government.
1991
12 February
According to the D.F. Malan Accord, signed between the South African government and the ANC, the government reaffirms the right to peaceful protest and that ANC guerrillas will not be harassed.
1991
12 February
Following a 12-hour meeting in Cape Town between President de Klerk and ANC Deputy-President Nelson Mandela, they announced that they had resolved differences on the interpretation of the Pretoria Minute. Under the new agreement, the authorities undertook to expedite the return of exiles and the release of political prisoners while the ANC assented to end the recruitment and training of cadres for its armed branch - Umkhonto we Sizwe.
1991
16 February
The Committee of Commonwealth Foreign Ministers, meeting in London, issues a statement to the effect that sanctions against South Africa will remain until the South African government’s promise to repeal the Group Areas Act, the Land Acts and Population Registration Act is put into concrete action.
1991
27 February
The ANC published a statement condemning the lifting of the moratorium on death sentences by the South African authorities. The suspension of all executions had been part of the measures announced by President de Klerk on 2 February 1990 and had also been mentioned in the Pretoria Minute.
1991
March
The first group of political exiles return to South Africa and the government releases forty (mainly ANC) political prisoners. Amongst these, is Piet ‘Skiet’ Rudolph, a prominent Right Winger facing charges of planting bombs and theft of arms and ammunition.
1991
2 March - 3 March
It is announced at a Convention that the United Democratic Front is to end its activities and will formally disband on the 20th August.
1991
3 March
The SACP is formally launched in Natal at a rally held at Currie’s Fountain Stadium in Durban.
1991
4 March
The United Democratic Front (UDF) announced that it would cease its activities immediately an formally dissolve next August.
1991
12 March
A White Paper on Land Reform is tabled to repeal the Group Areas and Land Acts.
1991
21 March
Foreign Minister Roelf Botha announced that South Africa had agreed that the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) would assist with the process of the return to South Africa of political exiles.
1991
21 March
Foreign Minister Roelof Botha announced that South Africa had agreed that the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) would assist with the process of the return to South Africa of political exiles. Substantive issues concerning the modalities of the repatriation process are yet to be agreed on.
1991
22 March
Signs an agreement with the Republic of Namibia to curb and prevent illegal fishing.
1991
22 March
Authorities granted indemnity from prosecution to 2,605 anti-apartheid activists and members of far right groups. The indemnity included 1,819 members of Umkhonto we Sizwe.
1991
28 March
Internal Security Amendment Act No 5:
Continued to bar registered political parties other than the ruling party from holding meetings without official permission.
Commenced: 28 March 1991
1991
April
The Inkatha Freedom Party and the ANC adopt a five-year plan to end violence between their supporters.
President de Klerk rejects ANC’s ultimatum that it will abandon
constitutional talks unless it dismisses the Minster of Defence, General Magnus Malan and the Minister of Police, Adriaan Vlok, and -that those and other demands be met by 9th May.
President F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela visit the United Kingdom in quick succession.
1991
8 April
The government appoints a new Minister of Trade, Industry and Tourism, Dr George Marais, a new Minister of Transport Peter J. Welgemoed, David de Villiers Graaf as Deputy Minister of Trade, Industry and Tourism, and AT. Meyer as Deputy Minister of Agriculture.
1991
15 April - 16 April
The ANC and the PAC hold a joint conference in Harare, brokered by President Robert Mugabe.
1991
19 April
South Africa:Signs agreement concerning the exchange of representatives and their privileges and immunities with the Democratic Republic of Madagascar.
1991
May
The ANC boycotts a government-sponsored conference to end violence, accusing the government of fomenting it.
1991
May
European Community decided to remove ban on importation of Krugerrands.
1991
2 May
In response to the ANC ultimatum to suspend negotiations if its demands are not met by 9th May, President de Klerk during his budget vote in 30 Parliament, offers to include black South African opposition groups in his cabinet and amend tough security laws.
1991
2 May
President Frederik Willem de Klerk announced plans to revise some provisions of the Internal Security Act of 1982. He also offered to include Black opposition leaders in his Cabinet and announced a 10-point plan to combat violence.
In response to Pretoria's failure to meet the 30 April deadline, 364 political prisoners throughout South Africa started an indefinite hunger strike.
The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) lifted South Africa's suspension from international ice hockey.
1991
8 May
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) asked Pretoria to clarify its position on amnesty, as well as on any other obstacles that could prevent the repatriation process of refugees and political exiles.
1991
8 May
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) asked Pretoria to clarify its position on amnesty, as well as on any other obstacles that could prevent the repatriation process of refugees and political exiles.
President de Klerk announced an immediate ban on "cultural weapons" "excluding at this stage spears" in townships declared as "unrest areas". He also said Pretoria would upgrade the workers' hostels and convert some of them into family accommodations.
1991
9 May
A broad consensus is reached between the government and the ANC to end black violence in townships a day before the ANC’s 9th May ultimatum to suspend negotiations unless its demands are met.
1991
12 May
Inkatha supporters rampage through a squatter camp in the Kagiso Township in the West Rand, killing at least twenty-two people.
1991
12 May
The Second International Symposium on Cultural and Academic Links with South Africa, organised by the Special Committee against Apartheid took place in Los Angeles. The Symposium reaffirmed the need for the cultural boycott together with "appropriate assistance to the anti-apartheid structures and to the disadvantaged sectors of the society". Academic and cultural activities having the intent and effect of opposing apartheid should be encouraged.
1991
12 May
The Second International Symposium on Cultural and Academic Links with South Africa, organised by the United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid took place in Los Angeles. The Symposium reaffirmed the need for the cultural boycott together with "appropriate assistance to the anti-apartheid structures and to the disadvantaged sectors of the society". Academic and cultural activities having the intent and effect of opposing apartheid should be encouraged.
Winnie Mandela was found guilty and convicted on charges of kidnapping and acting as an accessory "after the fact" to the assault of four black youths in 1988. She received a six-year prison sentence, but was released on bail after her lawyers filed an appeal.
1991
14 May
Winnie Mandela sentenced to six years imprisonment on charges of kidnapping and being accessory to assault of four township youths at her Soweto home in December 1988.
Signs loan agreement with the Transkei relating to financial and technical assistance for the construction of five police stations.
1991
23 May
The ruling National Party loses the Ladybrand by-election to the Conservative Party.
1991
23 May
President de Klerk said that 21 coloured representatives had joined the ruling National Party.
1991
29 May
Black Communities Development Amendment Act No 77:
Amended the 1984 Black Communities Amendment Act to further regulate the granting and transfer of leasehold and the conversion of leasehold into ownership.
Commenced: 29 May 1991
Repealed by s 72 of the Abolition of Racially Based Land Measures Act No 108 of 1991.
1991
June
The quota system for universities repealed (RRS 1991/92: 184).
1991
5 June
The South African Parliament adopted the Abolition of Racially Based Land Measures Bill, which will repeal the Group Areas Act No. 36 of 1966, the Black Land Act No. 27 of 1913, the Development Trust and Land Act No. 18 of 1936 and the Black Communities Development Act No. 4 of 1984, with effect on 30 June 1991. A provision in the new Bill would, however, allow neighbourhood committees to set "norms and standards", such as population density, maintenance and cleanliness, in their residential communities.
OAU summit decision to continue sanctions, and to review them.
1991
7 June
The Special Committee against Apartheid issued an interim report on developments in South Africa covering the first half of 1991. Noting the "limited progress achieved in removing the obstacles to negotiations" and the pervasive violence affecting the country, the report said that "the prospects for a speedy end to apartheid and the establishment of a united, non-racial and democratic South Africa appeared to be less promising now than a year ago.
1991
7 June
The United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid issued an interim report on developments in South Africa covering the first half of 1991. Noting the "limited progress achieved in removing the obstacles to negotiations" and the pervasive violence affecting the country, the report said that "the prospects for a speedy end to apartheid and the establishment of a united, non-racial and democratic South Africa appeared to be less promising now than a year ago.
1991
8 June
President F.W. de Klerk pays a two day visit to Kenya.
1991
9 June
President de Klerk visits Kenya.
1991
10 June
Speaking before journalists, a retired army major, Mr. Nico Basson, said that the South African military had supplied weapons (such as AK-47 assault rifles) and covert assistance to IFP in order to weaken ANC. He also disclosed that the South African military had previously carried out similar activities in Namibia to discredit the South West Africa People's Organisation. IFP leader Chief Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi denied these allegations.
1991
11 June
Australian Foreign Minister arrived in SA for a week’s visit.
1991
15 June
The Association of West European Parliamentarians for Action against Apartheid, with the support of the UN Special Committee against Apartheid, organised an international conference in Prague (Czechoslovakia). The conference focused on "Eastern Europe and Southern Africa: Supporting Democracy and Development".
1991
15 June
The Association of West European Parliamentarians for Action against Apartheid, with the support of the United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid, organised an international conference in Prague (Czechoslovakia). The conference focused on "Eastern Europe and Southern Africa: Supporting Democracy and Development".
1991
17 June
The Population Registration Act is repealed.
1991
17 June
The South African Parliament voted to repeal the Population Registration Act, No. 30 of 1950. The population register will, however, be maintained until a new constitution is negotiated.
1991
19 June
Norway announced it plans to open an embassy in Pretoria later this year.
1991
20 June
Kenya ended ban on sports links with SA.
1991
21 June
The Internal Security Act is amended to remove certain police powers allowing detention without trial.
1991
21 June
The South African Parliament voted to amend the Internal Security Act No. 74 of 1982. Police will in the future need the permission of a Supreme Court judge to hold a suspect for longer than ten days and detainees have the right to legal counsel. The amendments also rule out the placement of political opponents under house arrest and the ban on dissident organisations and newspapers.
The promotion of communism is now allowed, for the first time since 1950.
1991
22 June
A church-sponsored peace conference for the first time included the authorities, ANC, IFP, PAC and the Azanian People's Organisation Representatives of the South African Communist Party, other parliamentary parties and trade unions also attended. A "preparatory committee" was formed which included working groups that would study the possibility of adopting codes of conduct for political organisations and the security forces as well as mechanisms for enforcing a peace agreement, and the reconstruction of areas affected by violence.
1991
23 June - 24 June
A peace summit brokered by the clergy and business and attended by all major political parties, but boycotted by the Conservative Party, is held to end the violence.
1991
25 June - 27 June
International Conference on the Educational Needs of the Victims of Apartheid in South Africa, UNESCO House, Paris, organised by the Special Committee against Apartheid and UNESCO, in cooperation with the Advisory Committee of the United Nations Educational and Training Programme for Southern Africa. Participants included South African experts on education, representatives of donor countries, non- governmental organisations, specialised agencies and the national liberation movements.
The Paris Statement adopted by the Conference called on Pretoria to address urgently the education crisis in South Africa by taking appropriate political, legal, financial and other measures. It also called on the international community to assist towards that end.
1991
25 June
Six persons were killed and 18 injured when gunmen opened fire on a crowded commuter train in Soweto.
1991
25 June - 27 June
International Conference on the Educational Needs of the Victims of Apartheid in South Africa, UNESCO House, Paris, organised by the Special Committee against Apartheid and the Advisory Committee of the United Nations Educational and Training Programme for Southern Africa.
1991
27 June
An International Conference on Educational Needs of the Victims of Apartheid in South Africa was held in Paris by the United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), in cooperation with the United Nations Educational and Training Programme for Southern Africa. Participants included South African experts on education, representatives of donor countries, non- governmental organisations, specialised agencies and the national liberation movements. The Paris Statement adopted by the Conference called on Pretoria to address urgently the education crisis in South Africa by taking appropriate political, legal, financial and other measures. It also called on the international community to assist towards that end.
Foreign Minister Roloef Botha announced that Pretoria had agreed to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and to submit its nuclear facilities to inspection by the International Atomic Emergency Agency.
1991
28 June
South Africa decides to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
1991
28 June
Population Registration Act Repeal Act No 114:
Repealed the 1950 Population Registration Act. The population register as compiled by the 1986 Identification Act was to remain in effect until the 1983 Republic of South Africa Constitution Act was repealed.
Commenced: 28 June 1991
IN FORCE: CENSUS AND STATISTICS.
1991
30 June
Abolition of Racially Based Land Measures Act No 108:
Provided for the repeal of the 1913 Black Land Act, the 1936 Development Trust and Land Act, the 1966 Group Areas Act and the 1984 Black Communities Development Act. ‘A total of 189 sections and acts that had supported racial discrimination in respect of land legislation regarding rural areas under the administration of the House of Representatives and the non-independent homelands were also repealed by the Act’ (RRS 1991/1992: 385; see also 339-42). The promulgation of this Act ‘did not affect the legal status of the non-independent homelands, their geographical definitions or their administrative structures’ (RRS 1991/92: 385).
Promulgated: 28 June 1991
Commenced: 30 June 1991, except s 72: 1 September 1991, s 23: 1 April 1992, ss 4(1), 14(1), 17(1), 18(1), 19(1), 27(1), 35(1), 41(1), 43(1), 46(1): to be proclaimed IN FORCE: LAND (as amended by the Housing Amendment Act No 6 of 1996: HOUSING)
1991
1 July
African National Congress (ANC) spokesman Saki Macozoma described as "pure propaganda", the announcement by President Frederik Willem de Klerk that all political prisoners had been released.
Finland lifted trade sanctions against SA.
Egypt Air made its first scheduled direct flight from Cairo to Johannesburg.
1991
2 July
The ANC holds its first National Conference in Durban after a break of more than thirty years. Cyril Ramaphosa is appointed its Secretary General. Nelson Mandela is elected President, and Walter Sisulu, deputy President of the organization.
1991
2 July - 6 July
ANC National Conference in Durban.
1991
3 July
Foreign Ministers of Kenya and SA meet in Pretoria.
1991
5 July
The National Conference of ANC elected Nelson Mandela as its new President and Walter Sisulu as its Deputy President, while Oliver Tambo became National Chairman, Cyril Ramaphosa Secretary General and Jacob Zuma Deputy Secretary General. Thomas Nkobi retained his post as Treasurer General.
1991
8 July
South Africa:Signs memorandum of understanding with Great Britain concerning drug trafficking.
1991
8 July
South Africa signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, thus permitting the inspection of all its nuclear facilities.
Douglas Hurd, UK Foreign Secretary, on 3-day visit to SA, met de Klerk, Mandela and PAC President Clarence Makwetu.
1991
9 July
The International Olympic Committee recognised the Interim National Olympic Committee of South Africa, thus paving the way for that country's participation in the next Olympic Games. The South African Council on Sports, as well as PAC, condemned this move as premature.
The International Olympic Committee readmitted South Africa as a full member. (21 years after exclusion)
1991
10 July
The United States lifts certain sanctions against South Africa.
1991
10 July
South Africa signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, thus permitting the inspection of all its nuclear facilities by the International Atomic Energy Agency.
United States President George Bush signed an executive order terminating the sanctions against South Africa based on the determination that the South African authorities had met all five conditions set forth in the US Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986. However, local and state sanctions remained, as well as the ban on arms and on support for International Monetary Fund loans to South Africa. President Bush also announced that assistance to black South Africans would be doubled from its current level of $40 million. The Special Committee against Apartheid, ANC, PAC and the Organisation of African Unity, as well as various United States organisations criticised the lifting of sanctions as premature.
1991
10 July
United States President George Bush signed an executive order terminating the sanctions against South Africa based on the determination that the South African authorities had met all five of the conditions set forth in the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act (CAA) of 1986. However, local and state sanctions will remain as well as the ban on arms and on support for International Monetary Fund loans to South Africa. President Bush also announced that assistance to black South Africans would be doubled from its present level of $40 million. The Special Committee against Apartheid, ANC, PAC and the Organisation of African Unity as well as various United States organisations criticised the lifting of sanctions as premature.
The International Cricket Council agreed to grant full membership to the United Cricket Board of South Africa, which should allow South African players to participate in Test matches by the end of 1991.
1991
12 July
Switzerland announced lifting of a directive, in force since 1974, which limited export of capital to SA.
1991
14 July
Israel announced lifting of sanctions imposed in 1987; ban on new military contracts would remain.
1991
15 July
Chamber of Commerce and Industry of USSR and South African Chamber of Mines signed agreement to promote exchange of information on mining development.
1991
19 July
In a report published in the New Nation, a former South African army sergeant., Mr. Felix Ndimene, alleged that members of the Five Reconnaissance Regiment, which is part of South Africa's special forces, carried out an attack on a Soweto-bound train in September 1990. Twenty six persons died in that attack.
Danish Parliament rejected a government proposal to lift sanctions against SA.
(Denmark’s stand prevents European Community from lifting ban on trade with SA in iron, steel and gold coins).
1991
21 July
The government admits to providing a slush fund to Inkatha and its associated trade union, the United Workers Union of South Africa (UWUSA).
1991
22 July
Following an emergency meeting of its National Working Committee, ANC called, among other things, for the dismissal of Law and Order Minister Adriaan Vlok and Defence Minister Magnus Malan, the establishment of a multi-party commission of inquiry into the authorities' involvement in the violence and the secret funding of political activity, as well as the public dismantling of all special counter-insurgency forces.
1991
23 July
The Inkatha gate scandal claims its first victim, when M.Z. Khumalo, personal assistant to Chief Buthelezi, resigns after admitting that he acted as a middle man who organized covert funds paid by the Security Police for two Inkatha rallies.
1991
24 July
Protocol on the establishment of diplomatic relations with Hungary.
1991
24 July
Hungary and SA agreed to upgrade their relations to ambassadorial level.
1991
25 July
Representatives of the South African authorities, business and religious leaders, as well as ANC and IFP, met in Johannesburg to continue their talks aimed at ending the violence.
1991
29 July
President de Klerk announced that Mr. Magnus Malan would lose his Defence portfolio to Mr. Roelf Meyer and become Minister for Water Affairs and Forestry (and Minister for Housing and Works in the House of Assembly), and that Mr. Adriaan Vlok, replaced by Mr. Hernus Kriel as Law and Order Minister, would become Minister for Correctional Services and of the Budget for the House of Assembly.
The assignment of Magnus Malan, Minister of Defence, and Adrian Vlok, Minister of Law and Order, to other portfolios followed scandals about secret grants to Inkatha and its trade unions.
1991
30 July
In a major cabinet reshuffle, Law and Order Minister, Adriaan Vlok and Defence Minister General Magnus MaIm, are demoted to ministries of Correctional Services and Water Affairs & Forestry, respectively.
1991
30 July
Addressing a nationally televised press conference, President de Klerk announced that all special projects which could be considered to constitute support for political parties had been cancelled, that legislation pertaining to secret funds would be reviewed and that he would appoint a small advisory committee from the private sector to advise him on existing secret special projects.
1991
31 July
Internal Security and Intimidation Amendment Act No 138:
Abolished indefinite detention without trial and limited detention without trial to ten days. Abolished s 55, which had prohibited the furthering of the aims of communism (RRS 1991/92: 466).
Repealed:
•the 1950 Internal Security Act (parts not repealed earlier);
•the General Law Further Amendment Act No 93 of 1963 (s 22);
•section 23 of the 1966 General Law Amendment Act;
•the 1967 Terrorism Act (parts not repealed earlier);
•sections 13-14 of the 1976 Internal Security Amendment Act;
•the 1986 Internal Security Amendment Act in its entirety.
Commenced: 31 July 1991
IN FORCE: CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE.
1991
August
The National Party outlines its constitutional proposals to be tabled at its Federal Congress on 4th September which calls for a scrapping of the current single presidential head of state, to be replaced by a council of three to five members.
Umkhonto we Sizwe, the military wing of the ANC, holds its first conference in South Africa after thirty years and calls for a formal ceasefire in the country.
1991
1 August
The National Executive Committee (NEC) of the African National Congress (ANC) issued a statement calling into question the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP)'s "legitimacy as an independent force", criticising the Government's response to revelations on the secret funding of political organisations and calling for the creation of a "transitional authority charged with the task of preparing the country for a democratic constitution".
1991
2 August
In a statement recalling the principles for a new constitutional order enunciated in the 1989 United Nations Declaration on Apartheid, the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) said that a "democratically mandated Constituent Assembly is the ideal and most desirable way to establish legitimate government in our country".
1991
7 August
USSR Deputy Foreign Minister Valeri Nikolayenko arrived in SA for 5-day visit.
1991
8 August
Argentina and SA agreed to re-establish diplomatic relations.
1991
9 August
A bloody confrontation takes place between the right wing Afrikaner Weerstandbeweging (AWB) and government security forces in Ventersdorp.
Signs a multilateral agreement with Transkei, Venda and Ciskei regarding social welfare services in their respective territories.
1991
11 August
Ismael Mahomed became first Black judge appointed to the Supreme Court of South Africa.
1991
13 August
Turkey and SA decided to establish consular relations.
1991
15 August
The South African Government, ANC and IFP agreed on a draft National Peace Accord which they described as "a firm foundation on which peace in South Africa can be achieved". The Accord includes a code of conduct for political parties, a code of conduct for the police and the security forces, provisions for socio-economic development, and a complex set of enforcement mechanisms.
1991
16 August
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the South African Government initialled a Memorandum of Understanding on the voluntary repatriation and reintegration of an estimated 40,000 South African returnees. The agreement provided for a comprehensive amnesty for all political offences, a mechanism allowing the UNHCR to make representations on behalf of persons not granted amnesty, the establishment of an UNHCR presence in South Africa and complete freedom of movement for returnees within South Africa.
1991
16 August
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the South African Government initialled a Memorandum of Understanding on the voluntary repatriation and reintegration of an estimated 40,000 South African returnees. The agreement provides for a comprehensive amnesty for all political offences, a mechanism allowing the UNHCR to make representations on behalf of persons not granted amnesty, the establishment of an UNHCR presence in South Africa and complete freedom of movement for returnees within South Africa.
1991
16 August
KaNgwane: Regulations for Administration and Control of Townships in Black Areas Amendment Act No 3:
Commenced: 16 August 1991
1991
16 August
KaNgwane: Black Areas Land Regulation Amendment Act No 5:
Commenced: 16 August 1991
1991
19 August
South African Catholic Bishops Conference decided that economic sanctions were no longer necessary.
1991
20 August
United Democratic Front (UDF) dissolved.
1991
26 August
South Africa:Signs a co-operation agreement with Transkei regarding structural adjustment.
1991
27 August
Finland opened official economic relations with SA and raised diplomatic relations to ambassadorial level.
1991
28 August
Johannesburg Star reported that Algeria called for normal relations with SA.
1991
4 September
Key points of the National Party’s constitutional proposals are outlined at its special Federal Congress. Various political parties react.
Signs a memorandum of understanding with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees on the voluntary repatriation and reintegration of South African returnees.
1991
4 September
In his second progress report on the implementation of the United Nations 1989 Declaration on Apartheid, the Secretary-General found that "over the last 12 months the process towards the end of apartheid in South Africa, although halting, has remained on course".
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and South Africa signed Memorandum of Understanding concerning amnesty for South African refugees and political exiles.
1991
4 September
In his second progress report on the implementation of the United Nations 1989 Declaration on Apartheid and Its Destructive Consequences in Southern Africa, the Secretary-General of the United Nations found that "over the last 12 months the process towards the end of apartheid in South Africa, although halting, has remained on course".
UNHCR and South Africa signed Memorandum of Understanding concerning amnesty for South African refugees and political exiles.
The agreement provided for comprehensive amnesty, mechanism allowing UNHCR to make representation on behalf of persons not granted amnesty, establishment of UNHCR presence in South Africa and complete freedom of movement for returnees within South Africa.
1991
5 September
SA and Czechoslovakia resumed diplomatic relations severed since 1963.
1991
6 September
Venda Reincorporation Forum Act No 5:
Provided for the reincorporation of Venda into South Africa.
Commenced: 6 September 1991
1991
7 September
Testifying before the Supreme Court on the killing of Chief Mhlabunzima Maphumulo, Mr. Sipho Madlala claimed that the assassination in which he allegedly participated had been organised by a security branch policeman, namely Warrant Officer Wolfgang Warber.
1991
11 September
Oregon State legislature rescinded 1987 legislation banning investment of State funds in companies doing business with SA.
General Obasanjo and a delegation of 16 Nigerians met de Klerk, Mandela, Buthelezi etc.
1991
12 September
South Africa:Signs trade agreement with the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic.
1991
12 September
Czechoslovakia and SA sign trade agreement.
1991
14 September
A National Peace Accord is signed by all major political organizations at a Conference held at the Canton Hotel. The PAC and AZAPO attend proceedings, but refuse to sign the accord, while right wing organizations refuse to participate in the session.
1991
14 September
National Peace accord signed in Johannesburg by 23 political parties and organisations including the ANC, the Inkatha Freedom Party and a number of political parties, trade unions, religious and civic organisations, as well as the Government. (Many others endorsed it, including PAC). It included a code of conduct for security forces and political parties; and established a National Peace Committee and a Commission of Inquiry Regarding the Prevention of Public Violence and Intimidation (chaired by Justice R. J. Goldstone) to monitor implementation of the accord.
Commonwealth Committee of Foreign Ministers on Southern Africa, meeting in New Delhi, reiterated "programmed management" approach to sanctions. It recommended that "people-to-people" sanctions can now be lifted.
(Note: ANC also supported tactical flexibility in phased use of sanctions)
1991
16 September
Safeguards Agreement between IAEA and South Africa: South Africa signed an agreement allowing the inspection of its nuclear facilities by the International Atomic Energy Agency.
1991
16 September
Safeguards Agreement between IAEA and South Africa: South Africa signed an agreement allowing the inspection of its nuclear facilities by the International Atomic Energy Agency.
1991
18 September
Signs a trade agreement with the government of Poland.
1991
18 September
General Ronnie van der Westhuizen, head of the South African special investigations unit on political violence, said that 24 policemen had been suspended and would face charges ranging from assault to murder for their role in the fostering of township violence.
Poland signed trade agreement with SA, formalising end of trade sanctions.
1991
19 September
South Africa’s first public bond issue since 1985, led by Deutsche Bank in Europe, was successful.
1991
23 September
Mandela supported SA’s bid to play in next year’s cricket World Cup.
1991
24 September
Austria announced that it was lifting most of its economic sanctions, including ban on investments, for a year.
1991
25 September
French Trade and Industry Minister on week-long visit to SA.
1991
27 September
United States Government decided to grant 12.5 million rand to ANC and 7 million rand to Inkatha.
The first Turkish Consul-General in SA assumed his post.
1991
27 September
Demonstration in or near Court Buildings Prohibition Act No 10:
Prohibited certain public gatherings and demonstrations.
Commenced: 27 September 1991
1991
29 September
Reverend Allan Boesak was elected Chairman of the ANC's Western Cape region.
1991
30 September
Signs multilateral agreement with the governments of Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda and Ciskei for the avoidance of double taxation, the prevention of fiscal evasion, the rendering of mutual assistance and co-operation and the establishment of a transfer system with respect to Value Added Tax.
1991
1 October
Aliens Control Act No 96:
Replaced all previous legislation regarding foreigners entering, leaving or being resident in the country.
Commenced: 1 October 1991
IN FORCE: ALIEN AND CITIZEN.
1991
2 October
South Africa:Signs an agreement with the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees governing the legal status, privileges and immunities of the UNHCR office and its personnel in South Africa.
1991
2 October
Netherlands announced partial lifting of sports sanctions; SA sportspersons will no longer require visas.
SA Foreign Minister, R. F. Botha, visited Beijing.
1991
3 October
The European Community issued a communiqué expressing concern at "the continued detention of political prisoners in the so-called independent homelands" and calling for the release of all South African political prisoners without delay.
1991
8 October
SA Foreign Minister R. F. Botha on 3-day visit to Australia.
1991
23 October
Signs an agreement with the League of The Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies regarding the establishment of a delegation in South Africa.
Exchange of notes with Lesotho to amend the Trade Mission Agreement of 30 April 1987.
1991
25 October
Patriotic Front conference in Durban.
1991
26 October
A Patriotic Front Conference convened by the ANC and the PAC takes place in Durban.
1991
27 October
At the end of a Patriotic/United Front Conference held in Durban and attended by some 90 organisations, participants adopted a Declaration in which they called for: a Constituent Assembly to draft and adopt a democratic constitution; a sovereign Interim Government/Transitional Authority; and an All Party Congress/Pre-Constituent Assembly Meeting, brought together by independent and neutral convenors, to be held as soon as possible.
1991
29 October
South Africa:Signs agreement with the government of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic on the abolition of visa requirements for holders of diplomatic and service passports.
South Africa:Signs Protocol with the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic on establishing diplomatic relations and the abolishment of visas.
1991
30 October
Signs aviation security agreement with the United States.
1991
30 October
The Government of India announced that it was lifting, with immediate effect, all consular and visa restrictions, cultural, sports and scientific boycotts, restrictions on tourism promotion and its ban on direct airlinks with South Africa.
1991
31 October
South Africa:Signs an aviation security agreement with the government of the USA.
1991
November
The South African Law Commission releases a draft Bill of Rights.
1991
1 November
In a book entitled "The Samson Option", journalist Seymour Hersh asserted that Israeli and South African scientists had collaborated over nearly three decades to successfully produce a nuclear bomb, testing at least three warheads off the Cape of Good Hope during the last 1970s.
1991
5 November
At the end of a two-day meeting of consultations, held in Geneva, by the Special Committee against Apartheid with representatives of non-governmental organisations and anti-apartheid movements, participants adopted a statement of action in which they agreed to pursue a two-track policy of pressure on the South African authorities and assistance to democratic organisations in South Africa.
1991
5 November
At the end of a two-day meeting of consultations, held in Geneva, by the Special Committee against Apartheid with representatives of non-governmental organisations and anti-apartheid movements, participants adopted a statement of action in which they agreed to pursue a two-track policy of pressure on the South African authorities and assistance to democratic organisations in South Africa.
1991
8 November
The South African cricket team arrived in Calcutta, to play in three one-day matches against the Indian team in South Africa's first international cricket contact since 1970.
1991
11 November
South Africa:Signs memorandum of understanding on multiple co-operation with Israel.
South africa:Signs agreement with Bophuthatswana regarding social pensions, grants and allowances.
1991
15 November
South Africa:Signs an agreement on the promotion of investments with the government of the Republic of China.
South Africa:Signs co-operation agreement with the Republic of China regarding the promotion of investments.
South Africa:Signs amended bilateral air services agreement with the Republic of China.
1991
19 November
Signs Protocol IV to the treaty on the Lesotho Highlands Water Project including supplementary arrangements regarding Phase IA.
1991
19 November
KwaZulu: Labour Relations Amendment Act No 13:
Commenced: 19 November 1991
1991
22 November
Exchange of notes establishing diplomatic relations with Romania.
1991
27 November
According to press reports, the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) accused the ANC of being "guilty of deceit and duplicity" and of undermining the Patriotic Front Alliance "in cahoot with the regime". The accusation followed a meeting held in the United Nations on 20 November 1991 by ANC Secretary for Foreign Affairs, Mr. Thabo Mbeki, with Ambassadors of the Front Line States, of which the PAC said it had obtained the minutes. The Permanent Representative of Zambia to the United Nations later issued a statement denying the existence of such minutes and "regretting the misrepresentations reflected in the so-called minutes".
1991
30 November
At the end of a two-day preparatory meeting chaired by Judge Ismail Mohammed and Judge Petrus Schabort, 19 political and other organisations decided unanimously or by "sufficient consensus" that the first meeting of a Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA) would be held near Johannesburg on 20 and 21 December 1991, to discuss constitutional principles, constitution-making body or process and transitional arrangements. Participating delegations also agreed on a nine-point agenda for the Convention, the establishment of a steering committee to facilitate its convening and on invitations to various international organisations to observe its proceedings.
The PAC dissociated itself from the final statement read by the two judges chairing the preparatory meeting, saying that it "did not reflect the PAC's position". Several PAC proposals, such as neutral international conveners, the holding of CODESA outside of South Africa and the opening of CODESA's sessions to the media, were rejected by other parties.
1991
December
The SACP held its first legal Congress inside the country and Chris Hani replaces Joe Slovo as Secretary-General of the Party.
1991
4 December
Cabinet is reshuffled, and the head of the mining house, Gencor, Derek Keys, is appointed Minister of Trade and Industry.
1991
8 December
At its first legal congress in four decades, the South African Communist Party (SACP) decided to appoint Mr. Chris Hani as its new general secretary.
1991
9 December
Signs co-operation agreement with Ciskei regarding structural adjustment.
1991
11 December
The first Regional Dispute Resolution Committee was established in Natal in terms of the National Peace Accord signed on 14 September 1991.
1991
12 December
The first group of 120 exiles returning to South Africa under the agreement reached in August by UNHCR and the South African authorities arrived in Johannesburg from Tanzania.
1991
13 December
The General Assembly adopted seven resolutions, three of them by consensus, on the "Policies of Apartheid of the Government of South Africa". It called upon the international community to resume academic, scientific and cultural links with democratic anti-apartheid organisations and sport links with unified non-racial sporting organisations, as well as to review existing restrictive measures as warranted by positive developments.
1991
13 December
The General Assembly called on the international community, in view of the progress made in overcoming obstacles to negotiations, to resume academic, scientific and cultural links with democratic and anti-apartheid organisations and individuals in these fields; and to resume sports links with unified non-racial sporting organisations, and assist disadvantaged athletes in that country.
The General Assembly adopted seven resolutions, three of them by consensus, on the "Policies of Apartheid of the Government of South Africa". It called upon the international community to resume academic, scientific and cultural links with democratic anti-apartheid organisations and sport links with unified non-racial sporting organisations, as well as to review existing restrictive measures as warranted by positive developments.
1991
17 December
The Secretary-General announced that Mrs. Sadako Ogata, High Commissioner for Refugees, and Professor Ibrahim Gambari, Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid, would lead the United Nations observer delegation to CODESA. Mr. Sotirios Mousouris, Assistant Secretary-General for the Centre against Apartheid, would be the third member of the delegation.
In addition to the United Nations, the Organisation of African Unity, the Movement of Non-Aligned countries, the Commonwealth and the European Community were also observers at CODESA. In a joint statement on 21 December, they said that "the broad objectives expressed in the Declaration of Intent (signed the previous day by participants in CODESA committing themselves "to bring about an undivided South Africa free from apartheid") are a most constructive and auspicious beginning for CODESA and give promise of attainment of true democracy for South Africa".
1991
17 December
The Secretary-General of the United Nations announced that Mrs. Sadako Ogata, High Commissioner for Refugees, and Professor Ibrahim Gambari, Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid, would lead the United Nations observer delegation to CODESA. Mr. Sotirios Mousouris, Assistant Secretary-General for the Centre against Apartheid, would be the third member of the delegation.
1991
18 December
Signs Protocol with the government of Poland on establishing diplomatic relations.
Exchange of notes with the People’s Republic of China regarding the establishment of informal offices in Pretoria and Beijing.
1991
18 December
The Steering Committee of CODESA reached an agreement whereby all parties would commit themselves "politically and morally" to put CODESA's decisions into effect. These decisions, however, would not be legally binding.
Chief Gatsha Buthelezi announced that he would not attend the first session of CODESA, as the decision taken by its Steering Committee not to invite Zulu King Goodwill Zelethini to lead a separate delegation from IFP amounted to an "insult".
1991
20 December - 21 December
The Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), holds its first meeting. Seventeen of the nineteen parties attending the Convention sign a Declaration of Intent, committing themselves to multiparty politics.
1991
20 December
Heated verbal exchanges take place between President F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela at the CODESA talks.
1991
20 December
The first Plenary session of the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA) met in Johannesburg. Nineteen organisations, as well the government, were represented.
Seventeen of the 19 political groups (which did not include PAC and CP) participating in the first session of CODESA signed a Declaration of Intent whereby they committed themselves to "bring about an undivided South Africa free from apartheid" and to a number of constitutional principles.
1991
21 December
Participants in CODESA decided to set up five working groups which are to report to a second CODESA plenary session before the end of March 1992. In addition to the United Nations, the Organisation of African Unity, the Movement of Non-Aligned countries, the Commonwealth and the European Community were also observers at CODESA. In a joint statement, they said that "the broad objectives expressed in the Declaration of Intent are a most constructive and auspicious beginning for CODESA and give promise of attainment of true democracy for South Africa".
1991
30 December
Signs agreement with Botswana regarding the establishment of a representative office.
1992
CODESA discussions begin to pave the way for change in South Africa.
1992
Boipatong and Bisho massacres
1992
Women enter the CODESA talks under the auspices of the Women's National Coalition.
Dorothy Nyembe receives Chief Albert Luthuli award from ANC.
Lindiwe Sisulu awarded Human Rights Center fellowship in Geneva. she has written extensively on women, liberation struggle, working conditions and agriculture.
1992
Further Indemnity Act No 151:
Extended indemnity to state offenders and provided for total secrecy regarding the actions for which individuals sought indemnity.
Commenced: 10 November 1992 (unless otherwise indicated), ss 2-25: September 1992
Repealed by s 48 of the Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act No 34 of 1995.
1992
Council of National Unity Constitution Amendment Proclamation No 23:
Created unity bodies and mechanisms.
Commenced: 5 April 1990
1992
KwaNdebele: Land Tenure Act No 11:
Commenced: 21 January 1994
1992
KwaNdebele: Intimidation Act No 13:
Commenced: 22 January 1993
1992
KwaNdebele: Corruption Act No 14:
Commenced: 5 February 1993
1992
KwaZulu: Land Affairs Act No 11:
Commenced: 30 November 1993
1992 - 1993
Commission of Inquiry into the 1986 Unrest and Alleged Mismanagement in KwaNdebele
Mandate: To inquire into and report on any mismanagement that has occurred in the governmental department of KwaNdebele, the KwaNdebele National Development Corporation or the KwaNdebele Utility Company, with special reference to -
a)any malpractices or irregularities in the above-mentioned department, corporation and company; and to any irregular favouring of individuals or institutions;
b)any abuse of authority or position by persons in the board of such a corporation or company;
c)any losses suffered by a department or organisation as a result of misallocation of funds;
and to determine steps to be taken to halt such mismanagement or to prevent their recurrence, in order to ensure that funds put at the disposal of KwaNdebele are used to the best advantage of KwaNdebele and its inhabitants.
The mandate was extended in Government Gazette No 13586 (25 October 1991) to include any such matters irrespective of whether they occurred before or after 28 November 1988.
Date of Report: see below
Chair: PARSONS, B.J.
Ref(s):
Report 1:RP 119-92 [topic and date not available]:
Report 2:Concerning police functions of the Department of Law and Order as one of the Departments of Government of KwaNdebele; RP 120/1992; 19 May 1992
Report 3: --- [not available]
Report 4:Concerning the Department of Water Affairs and Public Works; RP 91/93; 10 March 1993
Report 5:Concerning the Department of Civil Relations and Information; RP 137/1993; 24 August 1993
Report 6:Concerning the KwaNdebele National Development Corporation and the KwaNdebele Utilities Company; RP 146/1993; 9 November 1993
1992 - 1995
Commission of Inquiry regarding the Prevention of Public Violence and Intimidation Mandate: The chairperson and members of the Commission were appointed for three years to investigate the issue of public violence and intimidation in South African society. With regard to specific incidents of violence, the Commission’s approach was to inquire into paradigm situations where, on the face of it, the symptoms were common to other areas of violence. The Commission’s major aim with these investigations was to act as a catalyst in the process of transforming the police force into a body that had the confidence, respect and co-operation of the vast majority of the people of South Africa.
Dates of Reports: Reports spanned a number of topics and were given at various points between 1992 and 1995. The final report was submitted in October 1994.
Chair: GOLDSTONE, R.J.
Ref: The references are different for the different reports of the Commission, which were being processed at the Parliamentary Library, Cape Town, at the time of writing.
1992
January
Outline of a working model for the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA) is presented.
Details are revealed of Armscor involvement in acquiring top secret American technology for the manufacture of weapons in South Africa.
1992
7 January
Danish Coalition indicates to the European Council that it favours the lifting of remaining EU sanctions.
1992
8 January
Sisulu is given the ANC Isitwalandwe award in Bloemfontein.
1992
8 January
At its eightieth anniversary celebration, the ANC presents its post-apartheid policies and launches its electoral campaign.
1992
8 January
The ANC National Executive Committee rejected President Frederik Willem de Klerk's proposals for a referendum as an "attempt to prolong the transition by 10 years or more", and said that ANC would "strive for the setting up of an Interim Government in the first half of this year, and elections for a Constituent Assembly to be held by December 1992.
1992
13 January
Exchange of notes with Japan concerning the re-establishment of diplomatic relations.
1992
22 January
President F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela are awarded the Unesco Peace Prize.
1992
23 January
South Africa and Angola re-establish diplomatic ties after a seventeen-year break.
1992
24 January
President F.W. de Klerk opens parliament and suggests a referendum in which the vote of each race group be counted separately.
1992
24 January
In a speech given at the opening of the parliamentary session in Cape Town, President de Klerk reiterated his intention to set up a transitional government "broadly representative of the total population".
In a statement, the ANC rejected President de Klerk's proposed "transitional arrangements of long duration".
1992
27 January
The European Community formally lifts economic sanctions against South Africa.
1992
28 January
Eugene Terreblanche, leader of the Afrikaner Resistance Movement (AWB) and nine other members are arrested for staging a riot on 9 August 1991 when President F.W. de Klerk was addressing a meeting in Ventersdorp.
1992
February
The United Stares blocks the sale 01200 long-range 616 super-guns to Saudi Arabia.
1992
February
Three dozen Labour Party members of House of Representatives switched to National Party: Labour Party and Rev. Allan Hendrickse were defeated in a vote of confidence.
1992
February
Carrying of dangerous weapons prohibited: Participants in gatherings in unrest areas are prohibited from carrying listed weapons and firearms, excluding traditional cultural weapons and/or objects not specifically designed to inflict injury (Government Notice 719, GG 13801 of 28 Feb 1992).
1992
2 February
Exchange of notes with the government of Bulgaria regarding the establishment of diplomatic relations.
1992
3 February
According to a study by the Human Sciences Research Council, violent attacks by whites against blacks have increased sharply in the two years since President de Klerk announced the first measures towards the end of apartheid.
1992
5 February
The Goldstone Commission of Inquiry has its first hearing on the South African Defence Force involvement in promoting black on black violence.
Signs an agreement with Hungary on the abolition of visa requirements for holders of diplomatic and service passports.
1992
6 February
South Africa:Signs bilateral air transport agreement with Burundi.
1992
6 February
South Africa:Signs bilateral air transport agreement with Burundi.
1992
7 February
South Africa:Signs an agreement with the government of the Republic of Poland on the abolition of visa requirements for holders of diplomatic and service passports.
1992
20 February
President de Klerk announced that a referendum for whites only would be held on 17 March 1992, to determine their support for the continuation of the reform process, aimed at a new constitution through negotiations.
1992
23 February
South Africa:Signs agreement with Angola on the establishment of representative offices.
1992
24 February
President F.W. de Klerk announces the holding of a referendum on 17 March requesting a mandate to pursue constitutional reform from the white electorate.
The ANC submits its constitutional blue-print to CODESA. It suggests a two phase transitional period of multiparty rule for fifteen months, to be followed by a coalition government for up to five years.
1992
26 February
Defence Minister Roelf Meyer said that the ANC's proposals on joint control of security forces and on a role for the international community in the supervision of the transition were not acceptable to the National Party.
1992
28 February
South Africa and the Russian Federation establish full diplomatic relations.
1992
6 March
Signs economic and industrial co-operation agreement with Italy.
1992
6 March
According to a report on violence published by the Black Sash Repression Monitoring Group, an estimated 11,000 persons have been killed in political violence in South Africa since 1986.
1992
9 March
Exchange of notes establishing diplomatic relations with Thailand.
1992
11 March
In the Southern African region, South Africa and Zimbabwe are facing the worst drought of this century, the impact of which will affect food supplies for millions of persons.
1992
13 March
South Africa:Signs treaty with Swaziland on the establishment and functioning of the joint Water Commission.
Signs treaty with Swaziland on the development and utilization of the water resources of the Komati River Basin.
1992
18 March
In a referendum held on 17 March, nearly 70% of white voters vote in favour of the continuation of negotiations to end white minority rule.
1992
18 March
In the referendum for whites only, 68.7 per cent voted "Yes", compared to 31.3 per cent who voted "No". 86 per cent of the white voting population participated in the referendum.
1992
27 March
Multilateral agreement between the governments of Lesotho, South Africa and Swaziland amending the Trilateral Monetary Agreement of 5 December 1974.
1992
April
The 1991 census figures released.
CODESA outlines its proposals for an interim constitution.
1992
1 April
Signs bilateral monetary agreement with Namibia.
1992
3 April
African National Congress (ANC) President Nelson Mandela called for an "independent international monitoring force" to help curb violence in South Africa, saying that the Government had "abdicated itself from its duties".
1992
6 April
The Human Rights Commission (HCR) of South Africa said that the level of violence in the country had reached unprecedented levels during March 1992, with 437 persons killed and 898 injured, and that "the extreme level of violence was undoubtedly the result of forces working to destabilise the referendum and the peace process".
1992
9 April
President F.W. de Klerk pays a state visit to Nigeria.
1992
13 April
Nelson Mandela announces his separation from his wife, Winnie Mandela.
1992
13 April
ANC President Nelson Mandela announced that he and his wife Winnie were to separate, because of "differences on a number of issues" and "circumstances beyond (their) control".
1992
21 April
Five white Democratic Party MP’s defect to the ANC.
1992
23 April
The South African government submits its proposal for an interim constitution for South Africa to CODESA.
1992
25 April
Barend du Piessis, the Minister of Finance, resigns because of ill health.
1992
27 April
The Conservative Party (CP) caucus agreed to hold talks with the National Party on setting up a white state (volkstaat), but expelled one of its MPs, Mr. Koos van der Merwe, who had advocated immediate participation in the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA).
1992
May
In a major cabinet reshuffle, Chief Executive Officer of the Mining House, Gencor, Derek Keys is appointed Finance Minister to replace Barend du Piessis.
1992
1 May
Signs agreement with Zambia on the establishment of representative offices.
1992
8 May
South Africa and Kenya establish formal diplomatic relations.
1992
12 May
Agreement was reached in Working Group III of CODESA on the establishment of a multiparty Transitional Executive Council, which could take decisions by an 80 per cent majority. Participants in Working Group I agreed that all security forces should be placed under the control of the transitional governmental structures.
1992
15 May
The second plenary session of CODESA (CODESA II) was convened in Johannesburg.
The delegation sent by the Secretary-General to attend the session as an observer was led by Chinmaya Rajaninath Gharekhan, Permanent Representative of India, and included Hisham Omayad, Director, Department of Political Affairs, and Mr. Bwakira, Director, Regional Bureau for Africa, Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
1992
15 May
The second plenary session of CODESA (CODESA II) was convened in Johannesburg.
The delegation sent by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to attend the session as an observer was led by Mr. Chinmaya Rajaninath Gharekhan, Permanent Representative of India, and was also composed of Mr. Hisham Omayad, Director, Department of Political Affairs, and Mr. Bwakira, Director, Regional Bureau for Africa, Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
As one of the working groups could not reach consensus, especially over the percentage vote required to adopt certain clauses of the constitution, there was an impasse.
1992
16 May
CODESA talks end in deadlock. The ANC threatens mass action if the government does not compromise on constitutional issues.
1992
16 May
CODESA II ended without any significant progress being achieved. Failure to resolve the deadlock on issues related to the constitution-making process prevented the consideration of other reports. The participants mandate the Management Committee to resolve the outstanding issues and draft legislation for the implementation of agreements reached so far.
The ANC decided on "mass action" to press for the establishment of an interim government and elections for a constituent assembly.
1992
21 May
South Africa and Lesotho establish full diplomatic relations.
Signs agreement with Cote d’lvoire on the establishment of diplomatic Relations.
1992
22 May
Signs bilateral air transport agreement with Singapore.
1992
24 May
A three-day Seminar on the Future Role of the United Nations in Helping Address South Africa's Socio-economic Problems was held in Windhoek (Namibia) by the Special Committee against Apartheid and the Centre against Apartheid. Participants concurred that the apartheid system had left a deeply damaging socio-economic legacy, and that the critical situation faced by large segments of the population, particularly in the areas of education, health, employment and housing, needed to be urgently redressed.
1992
24 May
A three-day Seminar on the Future Role of the United Nations in Helping Address South Africa's Socio-economic Problems was held in Windhoek (Namibia) by the Special Committee against Apartheid and the Centre against Apartheid. Participants concurred that the apartheid system had left a deeply damaging socio-economic legacy, and that the critical situation faced by large segments of the population, particularly in the areas of education, health, employment and housing, needed to be urgently redressed.
1992
25 May
Signs co-operation agreement with Venda regarding structural adjustment.
Winnie Mandela and the entire executive of the ANC Women’s League are suspended.
1992
26 May
South Africa:Signs bilateral air transport agreement with Netherlands.
1992
27 May
The second interim report of the Commission of Inquiry regarding the Prevention of Public Violence and Intimidation, headed by Justice Richard Goldstone, was released. The report indicated that the Commission had received no evidence yet of a "third force" implicated in the violence, but denounced the Government's failure to "take sufficiently firm steps to prevent criminal conduct by members of the security forces and the police".
It also accused the ANC and the IFP of "resorting to violence and intimidation in their attempts to gain control over geographic areas".
1992
1 June
Justice R.J. Goldstone, Chairman of the Commission of Inquiry Regarding the Prevention of Public Violence and Intimidation, expressed concern at the manner in which its second interim report had been "unfairly and selectively used" by the South African authorities. He stated that Commission had not "exonerated elements in the security forces for contributing to violence".
1992
3 June
In a report entitled "Agenda for Peace", the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) criticised Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) leader Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi for "carrying a heavy responsibility for the escalation of violence". The report warned that it would "not be possible to hold free and fair elections on a one-person, one-vote basis" in much of South Africa today.
1992
9 June
South Africa:Signs memorandum of understanding with Zimbabwe on the transportation By road of commodities related to drought relief.
1992
10 June
Amnesty International released world-wide a report entitled "State of Fear", which accused South Africa's security forces of involvement in violence and stated that the Government was guilty of "gross negligence at best" in not bringing the culprits to book.
1992
11 June
South Africa:Signs protocol with Italy on the establishment of a joint working group for trilateral development co-operation in Southern Africa.
1992
16 June
The ANC began an open-ended campaign of public protest with a day of rallies, work stoppages and threats of a crippling general strike until the Government agreed to terms for the creation of an interim government and an elected assembly to write a new constitution.
1992
17 June
Boipatong massacre takes place.
1992
17 June
Armed attackers shot and hacked their way through the black township of Boipatong, leaving more than 40 people dead and scores injured, including women and children. Witnesses said that the violence was perpetrated by residents of a nearby hostel.
1992
18 June
The ANC said that on the day of the massacre, information had been conveyed to the police on an impending attack in Boipatong, and that police arrived and forcibly removed residents who were patrolling the township in anticipation of the attack. According to the ANC, police were later seen escorting groups of armed men at various points.
1992
19 June
The Goldstone Commission recommended that the 32nd Battalion "should not again be used for peacekeeping duties anywhere in South Africa". The Commission's Tokoza Committee said that the battalion had committed acts of violence against residents of the Phola Park squatter camp.
1992
21 June
Following the Boipatong massacre, the ANC suspends bilateral talks with the government.
1992
21 June
ANC President Nelson Mandela announced that he was suspending all talks with the Government in the wake of the killings in Boipatong on 17 June when more than 40 were killed and scores injured. He requested the UN Secretary-General to call a special meeting of the Security Council to discuss the killings.
1992
21 June
ANC President Nelson Mandela announced that he was suspending all talks with the Government in the wake of the killings in Boipatong.
He also requested the UN Secretary-General to call a special meeting of the Security Council to discuss the killings.
1992
23 June
The ANC and PAC asked the ministerial council of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), meeting in Dakar, to call for an urgent meeting of the UN Security Council to examine the violence.
1992
23 June
The ANC and PAC asked the ministerial council of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), meeting in Dakar, to call for an urgent meeting of the UN Security Council to examine the violence.
The ANC National Executive Committee decided, at an emergency meeting of its National Executive Committee, to suspend bilateral talks with the Government and participation in CODESA negotiations.
1992
27 June
While in Nigeria, Secretary-General Boutros-Boutros Ghali met with South African Foreign Minister Roelof Botha to discuss the deteriorating situation in South Africa and the constructive role the UN could play in reviving CODESA. The Secretary-General also met the Chairman of the IFP, who handed him a message from Chief Gatsha Buthelezi.
1992
27 June
While in Nigeria, UN Secretary-General Boutros-Boutros Ghali met with South African Foreign Minister Roelof Botha to discuss the deteriorating situation in South Africa and the constructive role the UN could play in reviving CODESA. The Secretary-General also met the Chairman of the IFP, who handed him a message from Chief Gatsha Buthelezi.
1992
28 June
The Council of Ministers of the OAU issued a resolution calling for an urgent meeting of the Security Council to examine the issue of violence and to take action to put an end to it.
1992
28 June
The Council of Ministers of the OAU issued a resolution calling for an urgent meeting of the Security Council to examine the issue of violence and to take action to put an end to it.
1992
30 June
President Nelson Mandela met in Dakar with Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali. They discussed the possible involvement of the international community in investigating violence in South Africa and, in particular, the convening of the Security Council on this issue. PAC President Clarence Makwetu also met with the Secretary-General.
1992
30 June
Please ensure that the event is listed in such a way that is answers the questions WHO? WHAT? WHERE and if interpretation is included WHY? (eg. South Africans vote in the first democratic elections in South Africa).
ANC President Nelson Mandela met in Dakar (Senegal) with UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali. They discussed the possible involvement of the international community in investigating violence in South Africa and, in particular, the convening of the Security Council on this issue. PAC President Clarence Makwetu also met with the Secretary-General.
1992
July
The South African government and the ANC attempt to break the stalemate, resulting from the Boipatong massacre.
In response to the Goldstone Commission findings, the South African government announces the disbanding of battalions 31 and 32 and the former Namibian counter-insurgency unit, Koevoet.
Two South African military intelligence agents are arrested in London on a mission to kill a former South African policeman, Dirk Coetzee, who confessed in 1989 to leading hit squads against black activists in the 1980s.
1992
1 July
Justice Bhagwati, former Chief justice of India, was appointed to join the Commission of Inquiry regarding the Prevention of Public Intimidation and Violence, as an assessor in the investigation of the recent Boipatong massacre. Dr. P. A. J. Waddington, Director of Criminal Justice Studies of Reading University (United Kingdom) was appointed to evaluate the police investigation of this massacre.
1992
2 July
President de Klerk offered to lower the margin of approval needed for changes in South Africa's constitution from 75 per cent to 70 per cent. This issue, among others, had brought talks to an impasse of the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA) II.
1992
3 July
Corruption Act No 94:
Provided anew for the criminalisation of corruption.
Commenced: 3 July 1992
IN FORCE: CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE.
1992
5 July
During a four-day consultative visit in South Africa, Commonwealth Secretary-General Chief Emeka Anyaoku said the Commonwealth was prepared to help get constitutional talks back on track.
1992
8 July
Signs agreement with the International Committee of the Red Cross regarding visits by the ICRC to persons held in South African prisons.
1992
10 July
An international panel led by Philip Heymann, Director of the Harvard Law School Center for Criminal Justice, proposed changes in the way South African police dealt with protesters, including the universal ban on demonstrators carrying weapons, timely notice by protest organisers, and the prohibition of using lethal force to disperse a crowd.
1992
10 July
Indemnity Amendment Act No 124:
Amended the 1990 Indemnity Act to provide for the disposal of articles seized in connection with the investigation of events for which a particular person has been granted indemnity.
Commenced: 10 July 1992
Repealed by s 48 of the Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act No 34 of 1995.
1992
13 July
the tripartite alliance, consisting of the ANC, the SACP and the COSATU, outline mass action plans from the beginning of August and the occupation of cities on 5 August.
1992
14 July
An International Hearing on Political Violence in South Africa, which was co-sponsored by the Special Committee against Apartheid and organised by the British Anti-Apartheid Movement, was held in London from 14 to 15 July 1992. Discussions focused on the causes and impact of violence, as well as measures to curb it.
The Hearing found that the primary responsibility for the ongoing violence lay with the South African Government "since it failed to take effective measures to end it".
1992
14 July
An International Hearing on Political Violence in South Africa, which was co-sponsored by the Special Committee against Apartheid and organised by the British Anti-Apartheid Movement, was held in London from 14 to 15 July 1992. Discussions focused on the causes and impact of violence, as well as measure to curb it.
The Hearing found that the primary responsibility for the ongoing violence lay with the South African Government "since it failed to take effective measures to end it".
President de Klerk announced the disbandment of two security force units, the 31 and 32 battalions, and the dissolution of the controversial police unit, Koevoet.
1992
15 July
At the request of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), the Security Council convened on 15 to 16 July to examine the issue of violence in South Africa and take appropriate action to end it. Statements were made by forty-eight Member States as well as ANC President Nelson Mandela, PAC President Clarence Makwetu and South Africa Foreign Minister Roelof "Pik" Botha. The Council also heard nine representatives from other political parties who spoke in their personal capacity.
1992
15 July
At the request of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), the Security Council convened on 15 to 16 July to examine the issue of violence in South Africa and take appropriate action to end it. Forty-eight Member States addressed the Council as well as ANC President Nelson Mandela, Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) President Clarence Makwetu and South Africa Foreign Minister Roelof "Pik" Botha. The Council listened to nine representatives from other political parties who spoke in their personal capacity.
1992
16 July
The Security Council unanimously adopted resolution 765(1992). Pursuant to that resolution, the Secretary-General appointed a Special Representative, Mr. Cyrus Vance, to recommend measures to assist in bringing an effective end to the violence and in creating conditions for negotiations to resume.
1992
16 July
The United Nations Security Council discussed the situation and adopted resolution 765(1992). Pursuant to that resolution, the Secretary-General appointed a Special Representative, Mr. Cyrus Vance, to recommend measures to assist in bringing an effective end to the violence and in creating conditions for negotiations to resume.
1992
21 July - 31 July
Cyrus Vance, Special Representative of the Secretary-General, visited South Africa for talks with a broad array of political, religious, business and labour leaders.
1992
21 July - 31 July
Cyrus Vance, Special Representative of the Secretary-General, arrived in South Africa for talks with a broad array of political, religious, business and labour leaders with a view to making the widest possible recommendations.
1992
23 July
The Waddington report into the Boipatong killing is released.
1992
23 July
Agreement was reached between the South African Police, ANC, SACP and COSATU on the principles outlined by a panel of experts on how mass demonstrations should be controlled. The Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) said it was unable to agree to terms restricting the carrying of cultural weapons.
1992
24 July
Dr. Peter Waddington of Reading University, who had been invited by the Goldstone Commission to make an independent inquiry into Boipatong massacre, presented his report in which he stated that while there was no evidence of police collusion in the killings, the South African Police suffered from "serious organisational problems".
1992
27 July
Church leaders launched a major initiative among business, labour, government and political groups to restart negotiations and help create a more favourable political climate for the coming week's general strike.
ANC President Nelson Mandela said that next week's general strike would go ahead. He said the aim of the mass protest, was not an insurrection but the peaceful removal of de Klerk from power; the immediate transfer of political power to the people, installation of an interim government, free and fair elections to a constituent assembly.
1992
30 July
The South African government and ANC leaders held talks, brokered by the United Nations Special Envoy to South Africa, Cyrus Vance, to break the political stalemate.
1992
30 July
Nelson Mandela requested the United Nations to send observers during the ANC demonstrations scheduled for the following week.
1992
30 July
ANC President Nelson Mandela requested the United Nations to send observers during the ANC demonstrations scheduled for the following week. The UN Secretary-General announced that he would send a small group of UN officials from the Department of Political Affairs.
1992
31 July
The Secretary-General announced, after consultation with the South African Government and others, that he would send a small group of UN officials from the Department of Political Affairs.
Seven UN observers joined three UN staff members who were already in South Africa with Special Representative Cyrus Vance. They were immediately deployed in various provinces of the country to monitor events during the week of mass action.
1992
31 July
Seven UN observers joined three UN staff members who were already in South Africa with Special Representative Cyrus Vance. They were immediately deployed in various provinces of the country to monitor events during the week of mass action.
1992
August
The 31 and 32 battalions that were ordered to dissolve by President F.W. de Klerk, is being integrated into RENAMO, according to Mozambican reports.
The South African government accepts the United Nations proposals on breaking the political stalemate in South Africa.
Five CP MP’s leave the party to form the Afrikaner Volksunie.
1992
3 August
A forty-eight-hour strike and a week of mass action starts to force an early transition to majority rule.
South Africa:Signs air services agreement with the Russian Federation.
1992
3 August
The African National Congress of South Africa (ANC) and its allies led millions of workers on a nation-wide general strike to demand a multiracial interim government by the end of the year and effective steps to halt violence.
1992
5 August
Nelson Mandela leads more than 50,000 supporters to the Union Buildings in Pretoria.
1992
7 August
The Secretary-General submitted a report to the Security Council (S/24389) based on the findings of Cyrus Vance. He recommended that the United Nations make available some observers to further the purposes of the National Peace Accord.
1992
7 August
United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali submitted a report to the Security Council (S/24389) based on the findings of his Special Representative Cyrus Vance. He recommended that the United Nations make available some observers to further the purposes of the National Peace Accord.
1992
8 August
Justice Richard Goldstone said that his Commission was ready to carry out a full-scale inquiry into the security forces and political armies, in response to a recommendation made in the UN Secretary-General's report.
1992
8 August
Justice Richard Goldstone said that his Commission was ready to carry out a full-scale inquiry into the security forces and political armies, in response to a recommendation made in the UN Secretary-General's report.
1992
11 August
South Africa:Signs air services agreement with the United Kingdom.
1992
13 August
The ANC issues a statement explaining why it has suspended talks with the South African government and that its fourteen demands have not been met.
1992
13 August
Foreign Minister Roelof (Pik) Botha said that the South African Government (SAG) had accepted "in principle" the report of the Secretary-General. It had agreed, with qualifications, to investigations into the police and army.
1992
13 August
South African Foreign Minister Roelof (Pik) Botha said that the South African Government (SAG) had accepted "in principle" the United Nations report on South Africa based on the ten-day mission of UN Special Representative Cyrus Vance. The South African Government had agreed, with qualifications, to investigations into the police and army.
1992
17 August
Signs memorandum of agreement with Lesotho regarding the design, construction and maintenance of the international border bridge over the Caledon River at Maseru.
1992
17 August
The Security Council approved the Secretary-General's report (S/24389), and authorised the stationing of UN observers in South Africa to work closely with the National Peace Secretariat to address the areas of concern noted in the report. The Secretary-General was to decide how many observers should be sent. The Council also invited the deployment of observers from the OAU, the Commonwealth and the European Union. [Resolution 772(1992)]
1992
17 August
Leaders of 10 southern African states met in Windhoek, Namibia and signed the Treaty establishing the Southern African Development Community (SADC). This replaced the Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference (SADDC) set up in 1980 to reduce dependence on South Africa.
The UN Security Council approved the Secretary-General's report (S/24389), and authorised the stationing of UN observers in South Africa to work closely with the National Peace Secretariat to address the areas of concern noted in the report. The Secretary-General was to decide how many observers should be sent. The Council also authorised the deployment of observers from the OAU, the Commonwealth and the European Union. [Resolution 772(1992)]
1992
18 August
Following meetings between the SAG and the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC), broad agreement was reached that could lead to the PAC's inclusion in restructured talks.
The Commonwealth announced that it would send to South Africa a team of about a dozen observers as part of international efforts to stem the violence. The observer group would arrive in South Africa late September
1992
21 August
ANC Secretary-General Cyril Ramaphosa met with Constitutional Affairs Minister Roelf Meyer to discuss possible compromises on ANC pre-conditions to the resumption of negotiations and the revamping of the National Peace Accord.
1992
21 August
KaNgwane: Child Care Harmonisation Act No 2:
Commenced: 21 August 1992
Criminal Procedure Amendment Act No 6:
Commenced: 21 August 1992
1992
24 August
Exchange of notes with Italy constituting an agreement regarding the establishment of a community centre for refugees in the Transvaal.
Signs agreement with Mozambique regarding the establishment of trade mission
1992
26 August
A bilateral summit between delegations of the ANC and the South African Government, led respectively by Nelson Mandela and President de Klerk, was held in Johannesburg. A joint Record of Understanding was published, which laid the basis for the resumption of negotiations. Agreement was reached, in particular, on the banning of dangerous weapons throughout the country, the fencing of a number of hostels, the release of all remaining political prisoners before 15 November and the need for an elected Constituent Assembly with a fixed time frame and adequate deadlock- breaking mechanisms.
1992
27 August
Sweeping changes are made to the police force and a purging of top police personnel.
1992
27 August
Law and Order Minister Hernus Kriel announced "sweeping initiatives" aimed at "restoring the credibility of the SAP". The changes included the setting up of a new body to investigate police actions, the resignation or early retirement of 18 out 55 generals of the SAP and the promotion of Black officers to senior posts.
1992
31 August
Signs agreement with Mozambique concerning fishing matters.
Multilateral agreement between the governments of Ciskei, South Africa, Transkei and Venda on the cross-border transportation of goods by road.
Multilateral agreement between the governments of Ciskei, South Afrca, Transkei and Venda on the cross-border transportation of passengers by road.
1992
2 September
South Africa:Signs agreement with the United Kingdom concerning mutual assistance in relation to drug trafficking.
1992
3 September
The National Executive Committee of the African National Congress (ANC) endorsed proposals for the intensification of the mass action campaign and decided not to resume negotiations until meaningful steps were taken by the Government to deal with the violence. It noted, however, that the Government had gone a long way towards accepting that idea of a democratic Constituent Assembly.
1992
4 September
Speaking at the end of a two-day fact-finding mission by three ministers of the European Community (EC), United Kingdom Foreign Secretary Douglas Hurd announced that the EC would send some 15 observers to South Africa and would second investigators to assist the Goldstone Commission's investigative task force.
1992
7 September
The ANC leads a march against the Ciskei government and the Bisho massacre takes place.
1992
7 September
Ciskei security forces fired on ANC demonstrators marching towards the capital of the homeland, killing 29 of them and wounding more than 200.
1992
8 September
South Africa:Signs agreement with Israel on co-operation in the field of agriculture.
1992
8 September
A two-day follow-up conference on Educational Assistance to disadvantaged South Africans was organised in New York by the United Nations Educational and Training Programme for Southern Africa. The Conference focused attention on the requirements for educational assistance to Black South Africans during the transition period.
1992
8 September
A two-day follow-up conference on Educational Assistance to disadvantaged South Africans was organised in New York by the United Nations Educational and Training Programme for Southern Africa. The Conference focused international attention on the requirements for educational assistance to Black South Africans during the transition period.
1992
9 September
President de Klerk stated that it was "simply not possible to negotiate constitutional issues before the question of violence had been dealt with satisfactorily". He called for a meeting at leadership level to be convened urgently with the ANC to discuss the violence and other obstacles to the resumption of negotiations.
1992
10 September
Winnie Mandela resigns from the Executive of both the ANC and the Organization’s Women’s League.
1992
14 September
South Africa:Signs agreement with Namibia on the establishment of a permanent Water Commission.
Signs agreement with Namibia on the Vioolsdrift and Noordoewer joint irrigation scheme.
1992
14 September
In a statement on the National Peace Accord, the Human Rights Commission (HRC) of South Africa stated that some 3,400 persons had died in political violence in the year following the signing of the Accord.
1992
16 September - 26 September
Virendra Dayal, special envoy of the Secretary-General, visited South Africa.
1992
16 September - 27 September
Mr. Virendra Dayal, special envoy of the Secretary-General, visited South Africa.
1992
21 September
President F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela, leader of the ANC agree, at a peace summit, to resume constitutional negotiations that were suspended in June.
1992
21 September
The Goldstone Commission of Inquiry issued an Interim report on Hostels, in which it recommended that those Hostels associated with violence be fenced off.
1992
23 September
Ms. Angela King, head of the United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa (UNOMSA), arrived in Johannesburg with six observers, bringing the total number of United Nations observers in the country to 20. The full contingent of 50 observers was expected to be deployed in October.
The United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa was established to assist the parties in South Africa in their efforts to put an end to violence.
1992
23 September
Ms. Angela King, head of the United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa (UNOMSA), arrived in Johannesburg with six observers, bringing the total number of United Nations observers in the country to 20. The full contingent of 50 observers was expected to be deployed in October.
1992
25 September
Gazankulu: Criminal Procedure Amendment Act No 9:
Commenced: 25 September 1992
1992
26 September
A bilateral summit between delegations of the ANC and the South African Government, led respectively by Nelson Mandela and President de Klerk, was held in Johannesburg. A joint Record of Understanding was published, which laid the basis for the resumption of negotiations. Agreement was reached, in particular, on the banning of dangerous weapons throughout the country, the fencing of a number of hostels, the release of all remaining political prisoners before 15 November and the need for an elected Constituent Assembly with a fixed time frame and adequate deadlock- breaking mechanisms.
1992
27 September
The ANC and the South African government reach a compromise at their summit meeting in Johannesburg.
1992
27 September
At a meeting held in Ulundi, Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) leader Chief Gatsha Buthelezi warned that the deals struck between the ANC and the South African Government were "illegitimate" and "unimplementable" and that Zulus would continue carrying cultural weapons. He rejected once again the concept of a Constituent Assembly and announced his decision to brake off talks with the Government.
1992
28 September
Robert McBride, Barend Strydom, Mehetheleli Mncube and Mzondeleli Nondula were among 150 political prisoners released.
1992
29 September
The Goldstone Commission issued its report on the Bisho massacre, in which it described the "indiscriminate" shooting as "morally and legally indefensible." The Commission called on the Ciskei authorities to investigate criminal charges against the officials responsible for the massacre and on the leadership of the ANC alliance to publicise censure those members who had exposed demonstrators to the danger of death.
1992
30 September
Meeting in a special session, the National Executive Committee of the ANC ratified the Record of Understanding and agreed that it indicated sufficient movement to enable the ANC to return to negotiations. It resolved to take additional precautions in future marches to minimise possibilities of any loss of life and injury.
1992
October
The ANC released a report on inhumane treatment of its opponents in the organization’s detention camps in Angola, Tanzania and Uganda.
1992
October
The United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa was established to assist the parties in South Africa in their efforts to put an end to violence.
1992
1 October
Births and Deaths Registration Act No 51:
Regulated the registration of births and deaths.
Commenced: 1 October 1992
IN FORCE (as amended by the General Law Third Amendment Act No 129 of 1993, the Home Affairs Laws Rationalisation Act No 41 of 1995 and the Births and Deaths Registration Amendment Act No 40 of 1996): BIRTHS, MARRIAGES AND DEATHS.
1992
8 October
South Africa:Signs agreement with Israel on co-operation in the fields of culture, education and science.
South Africa:Signs agreement with Israel on co-operation in the field of environmental management and of nature protection and conservation.
South Africa:Signs agreement with Israel in the field of tourism.
South africa:Signs agreement with Israel on trade and industrial co-operation.
1992
12 October
The Special Committee against Apartheid held a solemn meeting in observance of the International Day of Solidarity with South African Political Prisoners. The meeting was followed by a round table discussion on "The Role of Law Enforcement and Law Enforcement Officials During the Transition Period and After".
1992
12 October
The Special Committee against Apartheid held a solemn meeting in observance of the International Day of Solidarity with South African Political Prisoners. The meeting was followed by a roundtable discussion on "The Role of Law Enforcement and Law Enforcement Officials During the Transition Period and After".
1992
16 October
The Goldstone Commission reports the finding of a secret operational centre run by Military Intelligence and seize plans to destabilise the ANC.
1992
18 October
A team of 12 Commonwealth observers, including high-ranking officers from military and police, a former Government Minister, and a director from a criminology institute, arrived in South Africa. The team, which was led by Ghana Supreme Court Judge Austin Missah, will stay for a period of three months.
1992
20 October
South Africa:Signs agreement with Namibia regarding trade tests for apprentices and other prospective artisans.
1992
23 October
India announced the plan to open a cultural centre in South Africa empowered to discharge consular functions. It will be the first Indian office in South Africa since 1948, when New Delhi cut ties with Pretoria.
1992
24 October
In a joint statement, Government and the PAC said they agreed on the urgent need for the establishment of a more representative forum, which would decide on transitional arrangements leading to a new Constitution.
1992
27 October
Reggie Hadebe, a prominent Natal ANC leader, shot dead after contacting the Natal Witness newspaper in Pietermritzburg, with evidence that RENAMO is behind the violence in Natal.
1992
28 October
President F.W. de Klerk reshuffles his cabinet.
1992
28 October
The Commission against Apartheid in Sports met from 28 to 30 October in New York with representatives of the liberation movements, South African non-racial sports organisations, World Boxing Council and the International Olympic Committee, to review developments on apartheid in sports.
1992
28 October
The Commission against Apartheid in Sports met from 28 to 30 October in New York with representatives of the liberation movements, South African non-racial sports organisations, World Boxing Council and International Olympic Committee, to review developments on apartheid in sports.
1992
29 October
The first group of European Community observers, including some police officers, lawyers and economists, arrived in South Africa to assist in preventing violence, defusing tension, and promoting peace. In addition, 6 police experts joined Judge Goldstone's newly created investigative task force.
1992
30 October
South Africa:Signs air services agreement with Zambia.
1992
November
The Oelof de Meyer report finds corruption and incompetence on a vast scale in Lebowa.
The Parsons report on the KwaNdebele ‘homeland’ is released.
The ANC releases its strategic perspectives documents which opts for indefinite power-sharing coalition with the National Party.
1992
1 November
Exchange of notes with Namibia on the joint administration of Walvis Bay and the off-shore islands.
1992
4 November
Internal Peace Institutions Act No 135:
Provided for the establishment of a National Peace Secretariat and local dispute resolution committees to combat and prevent public violence and intimidation.
Commenced: 4 November 1992
Repealed by s 1 of the Internal Peace Institutions Act Repeal Act No 28 of 1995.
1992
5 November
South Africa:Signs agreement with Namibia relating to the basic conditions governing the secondment of judges.
1992
6 November
Judicial Matters Amendment Act No 143:
Amended the Investigation of Serious Economic Offences Act No 117 of 1991 in order to regulate the appointment of a Director, and amended the Attorney-General Act 92 of 1992 to provide for the appointment of attorneys-general to perform certain functions.
Commenced: 6 November 1992
Amended by the Internal Peace Institution Act Repeal Act No 28 of 1995.
1992
7 November
Foreign Minister ‘Pik’ Botha is declared persona non grata by Angola for having supported the rebel Angolan UNITA.
1992
9 November
South Africa:Exchange of notes with Croatia regarding the establishing of diplomatic relations.
Exchange of notes with Slovenia regarding the establishment of diplomatic relations.
1992
12 November
South Africa:Signs agreement with Bophuthatswana concerning formal Technikon instructional programmes and the performance by the Certification Council for Technikon education in the Republic of Bophuthatswana.
Signs agreement with Venda concerning formal school and Technical College instructional programmes and the performance by the South African Certification Council of functions in the Republic of Venda.
President F.W. de Klerk spells out a government timetable for a transition to multiracial democracy and that all-race elections will take place by April 1994.
1992
15 November
In line with the Record of Understanding reached between the SAG and ANC, 42 political prisoners were released. The National Council of Indemnity said that more information was needed on the circumstances of 22 other prisoners before recommending whether they are qualified for release. Prisoners who qualify for release are those "who had committed crimes with political motivation and whose release could contribute to reconciliation and peace".
1992
16 November
At a news conference in Johannesburg, Judge Richard Goldstone revealed the existence of files containing plans for covert operations aimed at discrediting the ANC's armed wing MK by Military Intelligence task force led by former Civil Co-operation Bureau (CCB) member Ferdi Barnard.
Judge Goldstone made an urgent plea to the SAG for wider powers, more resources and greater co-operation for his investigation into official and private security forces, as recommended by the UN Secretary-General. He later stressed that he did not need a wider mandate but more personnel to meet the demands on the commission.
1992
17 November
The OAU observer team led by Botswanan Ambassador Legwaila arrived in Johannesburg.
1992
18 November
The National Working Committee of the ANC adopted a discussion document entitled "Negotiations A Strategic Perspective". The documents which presents five phases in the democratic "revolution", starts off by the establishment of the Transitional Executive Council with the aim to secure agreement on elections for a Constituent Assembly and establishment of Interim Government of National Unity. It further outlines modalities for power sharing also after a new constitution, and for practical measures to curb the violence.
1992
22 November - 9 December
Tom Vraalsen, special envoy of the Secretary-General, visited South Africa.
1992
22 November - 9 November
Tom Vraalsen, special envoy of the Secretary-General, visited South Africa.
1992
26 November
President de Klerk announced a proposed timetable on a transitional process in South Africa which envisaged that a fully representative government of national unity would be in place no later than the first half of 1994.
1992
28 November
Four white South Africans were killed and seventeen injured when armed persons stormed into a golf club in King Williams's Town.
1992
30 November
The Special Committee against Apartheid held two-day consultations with 56 participants from non-governmental organisations and anti-apartheid movements in Geneva, to review developments in South Africa and assess the present and future role of these organisations.
1992
30 November
The Special Committee against Apartheid held two-day consultations with 56 participants from non-governmental organisations and anti-apartheid movements in Geneva, to review developments in South Africa and assess the present and future role of these organisations.
1992
December
The IFP releases a constitution for the KwaZulu-Natal region, calling for an autonomous KwaZulu-Natal state.
Twenty-three military officers are purged following revelations of illegal and unauthorized activities by the South African Defence Force.
1992
1 December
Cabinet decides to replace the SAF trainer Harvard by the Swiss-made Pilatus PC-7 MK2. The joint venture will include twelve SA companies.
Signs Protocol with Korea on the establishment of diplomatic relations.
1992
1 December
The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) joined the offices of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in South Africa to assist in the reintegration of returnees, particularly women and children.
1992
1 December
The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) joined the offices of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in South Africa to assist in the reintegration of returnees, particularly women and children.
1992
10 December
The Concerned South African Group (COSAG) issues a statement that multi-party talks should be resumed.
1992
19 December
President F. W. de Klerk announced that he was either suspending or forcibly retiring 23 officers of the South African Defence Force, including two generals and four brigadiers for illegal or unauthorised activities and malpractice. He also said further disciplinary action and possible criminal prosecution would follow pending the completion of the probe.
1992
22 December
The Secretary-General submitted a report to the Security Council on the efforts to establish peace and to promote multi-party negotiations in South Africa.
1993
Oliver Tambo dies in April after serving the ANC his entire adult life
1993
Constitutional agreements are reached.
1993
Restoration and Extension of South African Citizenship Act No 196:
Restored and extended South African citizenship to citizens of the TBVC states who would still have been citizens of South Africa but for the South African Citizenship Act No 44 of 1949.
Commenced: 1 January 1994
Repealed by s 26 of the South African Citizenship Act No 88 of 1995.
1993
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act No 200:
Commenced: 27 April 1994, except ss 248, 249: 28 January 1994; ss 6, 40, 42, 127, 132, 143(1), Sch 2: 9 March 1994.
IN FORCE: CONSTITUTIONAL LAW.
1993
Regulation of Gatherings Act No 205:
Repealed ss 46(1) & (2), 47-9, 51, 53, 57 & 62 of the 1982 Internal Security Act. Section 46 measures were related to certain gatherings. Section 62 dealt with actions causing and/or encouraging feelings of hostility between different population groups.
Only Commenced: 15 November 1996
IN FORCE: CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE.
1993
Abolition of Restrictions on Free Political Activity Act No 206:
Repealed:
•section 29 of the 1927 Black Administration Act;
•the whole of the 1968 Prohibition of Foreign Financing of Political Parties Act (Prohibition of Political Interference Act);
•the whole of the 1974 Affected Organisations Act ;
•the whole of the 1976 Parliamentary Internal Security Commission Act;
•sections 29, 58-61 & 71 of the 1982 Internal Security Act;
•the whole of the 1989 Disclosure of Foreign Funding Act.
Commenced: 28 January 1994, except s 7: 29 April 1994
IN FORCE: CONSTITUTIONAL LAW.
1993
January
Bilateral meetings are held between the government and both the Inkatha Freedom Party and the ANC. These meetings aim to lay a foundation for negotiation between various interested parties by the end of 1993 and how power is to be shared between black and white.
1993
5 January
South Africa:Signs air service agreement with the Republic of Malaysia.
1993
5 January
The Swedish Government announced that it would give financial aid totalling about 110 million Rand to the ANC and other organisations in South Africa, which are involved in religious, educational, cultural, and human rights fields. This aid, that had already been given over a number of years, would be phased out when ANC and others started regular elections campaign.
1993
8 January
A press report said the ANC had released a CIA memorandum approved for release under the US Freedom of Information Act, which stated that South Africa detonated its first nuclear bomb with the assistance of Israeli scientists - off the Cape Atlantic coast in 1979. The Atomic Energy Corporation of South Africa, which was said to have developed the project, denied any involvement in development of nuclear weapons or any collaboration with Israel on nuclear projects. A separate report cites a former senior Israeli intelligence officer who stated that the CIA report was untrue and that "the test was of an Israeli weapon with South African specialist observers present".
1993
14 January
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (1993).
1993
29 January
At the opening of Parliament, President F.W. de Klerk warns that South Africa will be plunged into a Yugoslav style civil war if democratic negotiations fail. Multi-party constitutional talks will resume in March.
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979).
Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989).
1993
2 February
Local Government Transition Act No 209:
Provided for revised interim measures to promote the restructuring of local government and facilitate the establishment of Provincial Committees for local government of the provinces.
Commenced: 2 February 1994
IN FORCE: LOCAL GOVERNMENT.
1993
4 February
KaNgwane: Deeds Registry Amendment Act No 4:
Commenced: 4 February 1994
KaNgwane: Births and Deaths Registration Act No 5:
Commenced: 4 February 1994
1993
11 February
South africa:Signs agreement with Namibia regarding the movement of animals, animal products, parasites and infectious and contaminated things between the two countries.
Signs agreement with Namibia regarding standards of livestock breeding and the importation of breeding animals, semen, ova or eggs in Southern Africa.
1993
12 February
Exchange of notes with Namibia concerning formal school and technical college instructional programmes and the performance by the South African Certification Council of functions in the Republic of Namibia.
1993
16 February
The ANC expressed deep concern about latest revelations that the SA Defence Force had a budget of R. 4.38 billion for its secret Special Defence Account during the last financial year. The ANC stated that massive expenditure on c | | |
